atlas 2 for Maple

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atlas[`&d`] - codifferential operator 

Calling Sequence: 

    &d(expr) 

Parameters: 

    expr - any expression. 

Description: 

  • The &d - procedure allows one to calculate codifferential on an expression that is p-form.
 

  • The codifferential is the operator δ : Omega[p] -> Omega[`+`(p, `-`(1))]  where Omega[p] is p-form and Omega[`+`(p, `-`(1))] is (p-1)-form. The codifferential is defined as follows:
 

  • If omega is  a p-form then delta(omega) = `*`(`^`(-1, `+`(`*`(`^`(dim, 2)), `*`(dim, `*`(n)), 1)), `*`(`⋆`(d(`⋆`(omega)))))
 

Examples: 

> restart:
with(atlas):
 

Declare p-forms:  

> Forms(omega=n);
 

{omega}(2.1)
 

Using d- procedure: 

omega - declared as a p-form so we have:
'delta(omega)'=&d(omega);
 

delta(omega) = `*`(`^`(-1, `+`(`*`(`^`(dim, 2)), `*`(dim, `*`(n)), 1)), `*`(`&**`(d(`&**`(omega)))))(2.2)
 

>
 

See Also:  

atlas, atlas[Constants], atlas[Functions], atlas[Forms], atlas[`&^`],  atlas[`&**`], atlas[d], atlas[`&L`]. .